Italian sixth

theoryih-TAL-yun sixthfrom Italian

The simplest form of [augmented sixth chord](/term/augmented%20sixth%20chord), containing only three notes: the flattened sixth, the to‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌nic, and the raised fourth scale degree

In Depth

The Italian sixth (It+6) is built from the bass note (♭6̂) with a major third and an augmented sixth above it.‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌ In C minor, it would be A♭-C-F♯. The augmented sixth interval between A♭ and F♯ resolves outward by semitone to a doubled G (the dominant). Its spare, three-note texture gives it a leaner sound than the French or German variants. Despite its name, the chord was used throughout Europe.
Did you know?

The Italian sixth is the only [augmented sixth chord](/term/augmented%20sixth%20chord) without a perfect fifth or augmented fourth, giving it a uniquely hollow, open sound.

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