voice leading

A sharp, flat, or natural sign that alters a note from the prevailing key signature.

Symbols placed before notes to raise or lower their pitch by a semitone or return them to their natural state

Relating to sound or the properties of sound, especially music produced without electronic amplification.

The natural minor scale, with the pattern W-H-W-W-H-W-W, producing the most common minor tonality in Western music.

Music in which some element of the composition is left to chance or to the performer's discretion.

The second-highest voice type, or an instrument pitched between soprano and tenor.

The measure of a sound wave's intensity, perceived as loudness or volume.

One or more notes before the first full bar of a piece, also called a pickup or upbeat.