recitative
A style of vocal delivery that follows the rhythms of speech, used to advance the plot in opera.
In Depth
Recitative is a style of singing that follows the natural rhythms and inflections of speech rather than a fixed musical meter. It serves a narrative function in opera and oratorio, advancing the plot and conveying dialogue between set pieces like arias and choruses.
Two main types exist: recitativo secco (dry recitative), accompanied only by harpsichord or piano with simple chords, moves quickly through dialogue. Recitativo accompagnato (accompanied recitative), supported by the orchestra, is used for more dramatic moments. Mozart and Verdi were masters of dramatic recitative that blurs the line between speech and song.
In 18th-century opera, recitative was the section where the audience talked, ate, and socialised. Only when the arias began did they fall silent and pay attention.